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Sinclair on Computers, Text and Play.

Alejandro Giacometti — Fri, 10 Oct 2008 21:23:26 +0000

In Computer-Assisted Reading: Reconceiving Text Analysis, Stefan Sinclair is proposing a new method for designing software tools for literary scholars. He argues that although much work has been done in bringing computers to aid literary research, it has remained in the sidelines. Software tool development, he says, has been concentrated in bringing the methods of scientific research to the literary field, in what he calls 'science envy'. Sinclair further maintains that if we do not shift our focus from convincing humanities scholars to adopt scientific methods to their research, Humanities Computing as a field will always remain in the sidelines. Although the computer has a tremendous capability to perform hard quantitative operations, for a while now, they also offer us a great medium to create tools that allow more of us to explore a more material easier. Sinclair proposes that we use this ability to 'read, explore, experiment, and play with text' to develop tools that more closely match the way literary scholars already work, and enhance them. He points out that when we design tool that are inspired by the way that we consume text, as opposed to the way that computers do it, we are not only doing research that will ultimately be more useful to the mainstream, but we are bringing our research closer to them, and becoming part of that mainstream.
There is a principle philosophical paradox in bringing scientific methods into literary scholarship. Sinclair discerns a scientific research method, where a hypothesis is tested through observation and analysis, and literary research where the hypothesis is supported by a discussion, and is not verifiable. He argues that in bringing science hypothesis testing into literary research we either producing scientifically weak results or not engaging, uninteresting humanities scholarship.
Sinclair then proposes three concepts that must be considered when designing and implementing such tools: computer-assisted reading, text synthesis, and play. He further explains what he contends such concepts are in relation to a tool that is part of his own arsenal, HyperPo.
The primordial aspect that Sinclair considers part of this redefinition of what a tool should be for literary studies, is based on reading. He observes that traditional text analysis tools displace the text as the focus of the study and are more concerned with data, data based on the text, but data nonetheless. HyperPo delivers the text at the core. It presents it as a whole and provides tools as satellites that may be used but are not central to the understanding of the tool. It is reading the text the first activity that a user will engage in, and HyperPo attempts not to be intrusive in that activity. Later on, the reader can explore the text using search tools, and analysis. HyperPo is designed not to take away the focus on the text, even when using these tools, as their function is to aid the exploration of the text.
Text Analysis has been the center of traditional text tools. Sinclair argues that though analysis is important, what researchers are looking for in this tools is to synthesize. In that respect he acknowledges that neither HyperPo, nor traditional tools, not even current technology has shown much progress. Although it might be an interesting topic for further research in Computing Sciences, Sinclair argues that tools do not need to be able to perform synthesis to be useful. Tools instead should focus on facilitating the user's role in "completing the analytical process". He suggests that the tools are could take the job of assisting the researcher in his work, gradually, as technology advances, providing more direction or pinpoint paths to interesting exploration.
Finally Sinclair emphasizes Computer-Assisted Play as the potential pivot for computer aided textual research. He recognizes that a great part of current research, analysis and synthesis, suggest a notion of directionless exploration, not speculation but wonder. Thus play is inherently integrated into research, and Computers have a superb capability of allowing us to wonder. Tools that take advantage of this fundamental attribute of research can prove to be immensely useful by multiplying the opportunities to explore. He cites examples of the ways in which HyperPo or other tools can build on this notion. Text transformation, could allow us to seamlessly reshape a text, or an interesting graphical visualization could point us to an aspect of the text that we had not considered.
Sinclair believes that current tools are severely limiting our ability to experience text. We need to focus on these three aspects, computer-assisted reading, synthesis and play, in order to produce tools that will enhance this experience and furthermore improve our research.

Banned Books

feinberglibrary — Mon, 06 Oct 2008 21:20:48 +0000

There is always something new at Feinberg that can be found to keep us informed on issues and help us discover new ideas, books or resources that will help in our studies or broaden our interests. Recently a new focus display was designed featuring books that have been banned throughout history by schools and various groups throughout history. Books you expect can be found such as the Harry Potter series, Sinclair’s The Jungle, Orwell’s Animal Farm, Hurston’s There Eyes Were Watching God and Styron’s Sophie’s Choice. There are several to be expected. I did not know that some books had been banned but was not surprised they were. Books like Joyce’s Ulysses and Atwood’s A Handmaid’s Tale. Some of my favorite books I have found on the list. These include Richard Wright’s Native Son and Theodore Dreiser’s An American Tragedy. What books do you love that are in this collection? What books in the collection do you think should be banned? What other banned books would you have liked to have seen in the collection? What are your thoughts about the books that have been banned? Are there books you think should be banned that have not?

Retro-Spectrum

thelazydan — Thu, 02 Oct 2008 17:43:18 +0000

Everybody has a first PC. If you would ask me what mine was any other day, I probably would have told you about a HCL machine with Intel Pentium II 266MHz. But today, my memory seems to be a bit clearer. I was reminded of a PC with only a keyboard. Memory told me that the name was something like "Sinclair" and Google helped me for the rest. My first PC was Sinclair ZX Spectrum. Some might claim that it hardly looks like a PC but it is.

[caption id="attachment_76" align="aligncenter" width="253" caption="Sinclair ZX Spectrum"][/caption]

This device had a 3.5 MHz CPU inside with 16 KB RAM upgradable to another 32 KB. Dad never got that upgrade. Considering what we have these days, even the word 'miniscule' would be out of scale. The device had to be connected to a TV and a tape recorder for display and storage respectively. Yeah! a tape recorder, as the data storage was on a music tape. Though the system did support colors, it didn't have a fancy operating system. The operating system was Sinclair's version of BASIC, a very primitive language if you talk about it in today's terms. On the whole, a very primitive machine. So what did I do on it? I dont remember playing any games on it except for my own version of book cricket. Yes, Sinclair BASIC was my first programming language. Like already stated I created my own version of book cricket and enjoyed playing it, I guess. RANDOMIZE, truly a god's gift, was a function that could produce random numbers - no need of books, no possibility of cheating, fair chance - PERFECT. It amazed me as a kid ('95) but I doubt it would be the same today.

It feels nice to know that you worked on something different, something which doesnt look like the prototypes that we get these days. But I sure hell wouldn't want that now.

PS: Something of a diary entry.

**Updated**

PS 1: An old advertisement. '82?? I used it in '95?? God!!!!

PS 2: Alternatives to Book Cricket.

A Dilemma

Stuart — Mon, 22 Sep 2008 01:18:38 +0000

Letting go of old technology.

It's not that I don't know where to dispose of the old tech, but bringing oneself to actually let go of it, especially when it cost so much to acquire it in the first place.

Heading back chronologically, (including the current platform(s)) I have:

Apple McBook Pro running Leopard (OSX 10.5.5) and Windows XP (and Vista, and Apple ][e)

HP Desktop Pentium 4 running Windows Vista

Toshiba Tecra Pentium 4 running Windows XP

Apple Mac Mini running Tiger (OSX 10.4.10?)

Apple MacBook (PPC) running ?Tiger?

Pentium 3 733 running Windows XP

486 DX4 100 running DOS 6.22a and Windows 3.11

386 SX running DOS 5

Apple ][e running DOS 3.3

Sinclair ZX81 running CP-M

I think I have a problem!

Dertsiz başıma dert aldım! - Açılış mesajı

lordlothar — Sun, 21 Sep 2008 13:04:18 +0000

İnternet sektöründe çalışmanın bir sürü keyifli yanı var.

Bir kere yatay bir iletişim var, kimseye bey/hanım demek zorunda değilsin. Kıyafet olayına hiç girmeyeyim. Çalışma saatleri esnek, çalışma ortamı rahat. Bunlar uzayıp gidiyor...

Keyifsiz yanı ise, internet ele avuca sığmıyor, sürkeli gelişiyor, yeni yeni şeyler çıkıyor. Ben 10 küsür yaşımda iken Sinclair Spectrum 48 K bilgisayarım vardı. en yeni teknoloji ise Commodore 64 idi. Yani elektronik dünyasında hesap makinası, Sinclair Spectrum ve Commodore 64 ü bilmeniz yeterliydi.

Şimdi 10'lu yıllarının başına olanları düşünüyorum da, bilmek zorunda oldukları ne kadar çok şey var.

Konuyu nereye bağlayacağım; patronum İlkan bana "Serhat, biz de blog yapmak istiyoruz bir araştır" şeklinde bir direktif verdi. Ya boş ver ne gerek var, faydasız bir şey dememe rağmen bahanelerimi yemedi.

Püff,

Ben ne anlarım blogging den. İşte bu yüzdendir ki kendime bu blogosferde bir blog açtım. Neymiş ne değilmiş göreyim. Gerektiğinde patronumu şikayet edeyim, gerekirse Fatih Terim ve Türk futbolu hakkındaki görüşlerimi yazayım.

Artık ben de varım. Zaten bir ben eksiktim.

Görüşmek üzere...

Retro: Sinclair ZX Spectrum

s1do — Wed, 17 Sep 2008 06:28:15 +0000

It really was 26 years ago?

Vía: Vintage_Ads

Veterans Against Crime & Violence In America

flybenji — Thu, 11 Sep 2008 23:11:04 +0000

: Bill Dice US Navy Veteran Kettering Ohio 45440

I would vote for Mr. Manning if he were running for President.

He is one of the few honest black ministers in America & tells it like it really is.

If Ron Paul was still in the race he would get my vote over any of them.

Fix my computer or else!

jtsmyth8 — Wed, 03 Sep 2008 18:54:16 +0000

What did we ever do before the Internet? Many of us now depend solely on a broadband connection for our livelihoods. And then one day you turn on the computer and nothing, zip, nada ... no Internet. Panic sets in, you check the cables, reboot, turn things off and on, but to no avail. Then you make the dreaded call to your ISP and prepare for the 1 hour wait to talk to a real person. As you can imagine it IS a frustrating experience.

"Carol Sinclair, a Halifax actress and playwright, found herself in that position, and now, what started as a routine telephone standoff with an Internet provider, leaves her facing criminal charges." (link)

Holding a repairman hostage? Well the facts are still to be decided in court but I'm sure many of us have felt the urge when a clueless technician arrives and fails to fix the problem. Most of us would have taken our computers to the nearest computer store to get checked out (it's not ALWAYS the ISP's fault). Perhaps she got a virus, who knows but clearly the situation got out of control. Technology can do that to you. Frustrate you and leave you feeling helpless with no hope of a resolution. Next time you encounter such a problem, don't make a knee jerk reaction. Take a deep breath, think it through, and then consult your local nerd/geek/tech friend.

Vad hände? City? Jag förstår ingenting.

nilshenrik — Tue, 02 Sep 2008 05:31:05 +0000

Med uttalanden om att han hade en dröm om att komma till Chelsea och alla hans tankar var där, så kändes det bara som en tidsfråga innan Robinho skulle varit signad. Men nej han gick i natt till Manchester City, jag är besviken och frågande. Förmodligen bjöd City över Chelsea och Real Madrid var så onda att dem släppte honom dit istället för att låta han följa sin dröm. Vilket är lite förståligt då Chelsea är en hård konkurrent om Champions League-titeln.

Vi behövde inte Robinho, hade dock varit kul om han kom. Jag känner mig lite besviken. Blir att satsa mer på Sinclair och nye Paim.

Berbatov gick till United igår. Tur för Sir Alex annars hade dem nog fått var nöjda med en fjärdeplats denna säsongen.

Mi historia informática

blancasombra — Mon, 01 Sep 2008 16:50:24 +0000

Desde muy pequeño ya andaba trasteando con ordenadores... Mi primer ordenador, como en el caso del 90% de los españoles, fue un Spectrum 48k. Del Spectrum, de toda su parafernalia, juegos, jerga... guardo unos recuerdos memorables (Manic Miner, Jet Pac, Abu Simbel Profanation, La Abadia del Crimen, microdrive, Context v6, MicroHobby, Jet Set Willy, Input Sinclair, ZX, Sir Fred, Emilio Butragueño, Dinamic, Topo Soft, el Basic, Load “”, randomize user 0, el color “cyan”, Erbe, Horace and the Spiders, Ocean, Opera etc etc...). Aún hoy sigo ejecutando emuladores del Spectrum...

Recuerdo los sótanos de una tienda por la calle Comedias de Valencia donde mi padre me enseñaba las “compus” (madre mía, como ha cambiado el lenguaje) y yo jugaba como un poseso a algo parecido al Pac-Man. También recuerdo los ordenadores inaccesibles de exposición de El Corte Inglés (¿serían Macs?) con esa cosa tan rara llamada ratón, con pantallas que emulaban un escritorio con su papelera y todo… En cualquier caso, mis anhelos se decantaban por los Amiga (los pantallazos de los juegos eran increíbles) o, como mucho, por un Sinclair QL ¿alguien lo recuerda?

Del Spectrum 48k pasé al 128k, me hice con varios periféricos muy majos (microdrives, joysticks, pistolas…). Cuando los juegos me aburrían, programaba rudimentariamente en un BASIC antediluviano… y de repente el tiempo se nos echó encima... De un año para otro, el mundo de los 8 bits sucumbió irremisiblemente. Aún guardo en la memoria la carta de despedida del director de la mítica MicroHobby.

Algo antes mi padre había decidido comprarse un Investronica 8086. Era un auténtico armario de más de 250mil pesetas, feo como el sólo y oscuro… lo recuerdo oscuro, lento e inaccesible. Toda mi pasión por la informática desapareció de un plumazo con ese primer PC. Aún así me seguía manejando con el MS-Dos…

Después vino un 286 con el Windows 3.11 (por fin se habían decidido a robar las ideas de Apple y la interface dejaba de ser asquerosamente oscura), 386, 486…

Finalmente… tachán tachán… Pentium+win95!!!. Menuda revolución supuso Windows para muchos de los que desconocíamos MacOs y el resto de interfaces “amigables”. Me volví a enganchar a la informática como nunca antes… Con Win 98, 98SE, ME, 2000 y XP me convertí en músico informático (utilizaba Cubase principalmente). Me transformé en un auténtico gurú de la informática y del primigenio internet en mis círculos cercanos. He instalado Windows trillones de veces. Me encantaba hacerlo: formateaba 1 vez cada dos meses ¡era un paranoico del rendimiento!); cuánto tiempo perdido.

Pasa el tiempo y empiezo a trabajar. Tengo otras prioridades, dejo de componer música y me empiezo a cansar de Windows: inestable, desesperante soso, feo y aburrido. Empiezo a machacar internet y a hacerme una colección de música en mp3 bastante decente. Son los tiempos del Napster y de bajarse canciones a velocidad de tortuga paralítica. Para gestionar la colección de música empleo intensivamente el pesado Windows Media Player y, como todo lo que hacen los de Redmond, me pone nerviosito aunque cumple con su cometido.

En ese momento, no sé como, llegó hasta mi disco duro una copia de iTunes. La gestión de la música que hacía iTunes dejaba a la altura del betún al engendro de los chicos de Microsoft. La apariencia y la intuitiva facilidad de uso del programa fue lo que hizo que mi universo y el de Apple dejarán de transcurrir paralelos.

Por aquella época me dedico a modificar la apariencia de Windows instalando temas que emulan otros sistemas operativos, fundamentalmente de Apple. Coño, que bonito y elegante resultaba el Aqua. Me convierto en un macarra del Windows y me lo tuneo tanto que termina funcionando a pedales, de modo que me tengo que desinstalar los skins para que Windows funcione decentemente: vuelvo una y otra vez a la interface leñera del Windows.

Pero la manzanita ya la había mordido… colecciono screenshots de Tiger, visito asiduamente Macuarium.com y demás paginas maqueras, me chupo toda la transición a Intel, aprendo como funciona el Mac OS X sin utilizarlo (soy un maldito friqui), de uvas a peras consigo trastear con el iBook de un amigo (!!!), agobio a mis colegas con las virtudes de Apple, me hago con un iPod para mí y otro para mi novia…

Y llegó el momento en que necesitaba tener un Apple. Como fuera. No soportaba ni un minuto más. Me encabronaba continuamente con el puto Windows de los cojones. Y así aguanté durante más de dos años (la economía manda, chicos) hasta que me hice con un precioso MacBook blanquito Santa Rosa. Y luego un iPhone…

Y sí, he probado Linux. Mandriva muy poquito y Ubuntu algo más. Probablemente GNU/Linux suponga el futuro de los sistemas operativos. Pero hoy por hoy me quedo con Mac. Sinceramente está a años luz de cualquier otro a nivel de usabilidad y soporte.

En fin… menudo post más laaargo me ha quedado.

Chelsea Reserves 2 - 2 Manchester United Reserves |Friendly| 26th August

Yasser — Sun, 31 Aug 2008 06:49:42 +0000

It was a game of two halves where we did well in the first while Man United came back strongly in the second. We were by far the better team in the first half of the game. We kept the ball well and passed it around quiet nicely. We could have gone 1-0 up as early as the first minute but Tejera's shot bounced off the right post. The first goal came off a corner. Tejera whipped the ball in and United cleared the ball but it fell at the feet of Sinclair just outside the box. He attempted a shoot but his mistimed shot fell at the feet of Bruma who brilliantly flicked it to Mellis and he slotted it perfectly past Ben Amos. The second goal came as a result of a good buildup play. Sinclair won the ball around the final third and passed it to Tejera who pushed it in the path of running Magnay. Sinclair continued his run and met the ball crossed by Magnay from the right with a powerful header which was too much for Man United goalie to stop.

The second half was mostly Man United. I was disappointed by the way we approached the game. It was there to be won but we sat back and got a bit complacent and paid for our mistakes. Both the goals could have been avoided. Nielsen lost the ball in the midfield and they caught us on the break. We gave too much time and space for one of the Silva twins and he struck a powerful shot which was out of Taylor's reach. The second goal was all the more disappointing as it came just at the death. All they needed to do was to clear the ball but our players had other ideas. Bridcutt who I thought played well in the middle today fouled a United player in the box and referee had little hesitation in awarding a penalty. Gibson went up to take the stop kick and made no mistake.

I was impressed by our defence especially in the first half as they looked quiet assured. Mancienne looked too good for this level of football and brought the ball out of defence a few times. Magnay was our best player in the first half IMO. He defended well and went forward at every opportunity. One of the things I like about him is his strength and is not someone who can be easily knocked off the ball. Bruma and Van Aanholt, who was taken off in the second half after picking a knock looked decent and composed in possession. Taiwo came on towards the end replacing Van Aanholt.

The midfield trio of Mellis, Tejera and Bridcutt worked hard and were on top in the first half. You can compare the three to Lampard, Ballack and Mikel. In the second half Tejera and Mellis came off for Fernandes and Ferreira. Mellis was the pick amongst the midfielders for me though Tejera also had a good game. Di Santo had a relatively quiet game and was brought off just before the half time as he had picked up a knock. Sinclair didn't saw much of the ball in the game and I have always been critical of this aspect of his game. He goes missing once too often for my liking. In the second half I think there was some 20-25 minute period where he had just one or two touches of the ball. Stoch was the pick of forward players. He was direct and quick and whipped in some good crosses. One of them fell to Magnay in the first half who headed it across but was saved by the goalkeeper. Nielsen was also disappointing for me.

In the goal, Hilario was hardly called upon in the first half but Rhys Taylor was tested as soon as he came on in the second half. I think he did well and made some good stops. I liked the one time when it was two Man United against Taylor and goal looked inevitable but before the United player could pass the ball, he came from nowhere diving forward and cleared the ball. Good performance from him.

The substitutions in the second half took away a bit of our flow but I think 2-2 was a fair result considering the performances put in by both teams over the 90 minutes.

Team: Hilario (Taylor 45), Magnay, Bruma, Mancienne, van Aanholt (Taiwo 72), Bridcutt (c), Mellis (Fernandes 80), Tejera (Ferreira 73), Stoch, Sinclair, Di Santo (Nielsen 35)

Goals: Mellis 30, Sinclair 45

Life-saving policeman to get an award

Rebecca — Sat, 30 Aug 2008 14:14:11 +0000

AN Edinburgh police officer, who saved a man's life using the kiss-of-life after he fell unconscious in a car, is to receive a top award.

Pc Lee Cockburn, 39, of Lothian and Borders Police, has been awarded a Royal Humane Society Resuscitation Certificate for saving the life of 64-year old Robert Sinclair, of North Berwick.

As well as the award, Pc Cockburn has also won the personal praise of the society's secretary, Dick Wilkinson.

Speaking as he announced the award he said: "Pc Cockburn's first aid expertise almost certainly saved this man's life. To all intents and purposes the man was dead when Pc Cockburn first saw him."

He said Pc Cockburn and a colleague were patrolling after a football match last December in an area busy with pedestrian traffic.

"They were approached by a car driven by a man whose father was unconscious in the passenger seat.

"The man was immediately removed from the car and it was established that there were no vital signs.

"Pc Cockburn carried out mouth-to-mouth resuscitation until the ambulance arrived."

Lothian and Borders Police chiefs nominated Pc Cockburn to receive the award, which will be handed over later this year.

Link

Biden repayed for "services rendered" ?

purplechiten — Sun, 24 Aug 2008 10:20:11 +0000

For anyone who has followed any of the Larry Sinclair story, you know that he was arrested after his press conference he gave at the National Press Club a month ago based on a Delaware Warrant signed by Sen Joe Biden's son who was AG. It turned out the warrant was baseless and they were hoping to have Sinclair arrested BEFORE his press conference but were not successful in doing so.

At the time that it happened, there was a blog for many of us to post opinions, ideas, support and such and the statement was made that Biden would be offered the VP slot for his assistance in this matter. Afterall, without "connections" you wouldn't be able to produce a falsified warrant with no basis to hold a man for more than two days and deny his doctor's perscribed medication, now would you?

It was pretty well accepted there at that time that Biden would be the VP based on this little "favor" done by his son. Well, guess what. Just like was said, here we are and Biden is now Obama's VP pick. Is Larry Sinclair a fortune teller? No, he just knows how Obama thinks because he knows him for who he is.

This is one more article of evidence that lends credence to the story of Larry Sinclair's drug and sex encounter with Obama in 1999 as well as a very curious coincidence that exactly what Sinclair said would happen came to fruition.

Maybe everyone should take another look at Larry Sinclair with a more open mind now that we are seeing his words play out before our very eyes. What does it take to be taken serioulsy? He has documentation, receipts, an eye witness (the Limo driver who is scared to death to speak\ , and now, his prediction based on the circumstances surrounding events are unfolding. How much more will it take?

Obama, you are as transparent as celophane wrap, your lies and deceit have caught up to you and you're in the spotlight. We have not forgotten, we have not stopped fighting, we will push until we can't push any more.

Barack Obama/ Barry Soetor, it's time to anwer the allegations that Larry sinclair has made. It's way past time. The longer you wait, the worse it looks for you. Larry Sinclair deserves your confession he deserves vindication for the threats, the lies, the smears and the mistreatment you and your campaign have piled upon him.

Gas Card Certificate Program

sunovafinance — Sat, 16 Aug 2008 21:10:15 +0000

Valor Gas Card Program

Posted on August 10, 2008. Filed under: Valor Gas Card Program | Tags: Valor Gas Certificates, worth of $ 500, FREE gas, gas station, choice, Arco, BP, Chevron, Conoco, Exxon Mobil, Marathon, Shell, Sinclair, Speedway, Sunoco, Super America, Texaco | Edit This

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 Gas from the station of your choice (Arco, BP, Chevron, Conoco, Exxon Mobil, Marathon, Shell, Sinclair, Speedway, Sunoco, Super America, Texaco)

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

find more-click here!

Questions? Email us at:
freegas@vci.valorcard.com

Valor Gas Card Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

sunovafinance — Sat, 16 Aug 2008 20:44:55 +0000

Valor Gas Card Program

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 Gas from the station of your choice (Arco, BP, Chevron, Conoco, Exxon Mobil, Marathon, Shell, Sinclair, Speedway, Sunoco, Super America, Texaco)

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

find more -click here!

Tags: Arco, BP, Chevron, choice, Conoco, Exxon Mobil, FREE gas, gas station, Marathon, Shell, Sinclair, Speedway, Sunoco, Super America, Texaco, Valor Gas Certificates, worth of $ 500

sinclair « WordPress.com Tag Feed

Sinclair on Computers, Text and Play.

Banned Books

Retro-Spectrum

A Dilemma

Dertsiz başıma dert aldım! - Açılış mesajı

Retro: Sinclair ZX Spectrum

Veterans Against Crime & Violence In America

Fix my computer or else!

Vad hände? City? Jag förstår ingenting.

Mi historia informática

Chelsea Reserves 2 - 2 Manchester United Reserves |Friendly| 26th August

Life-saving policeman to get an award

Biden repayed for "services rendered" ?

Gas Card Certificate Program

Valor Gas Card Program

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 Gas from the station of your choice (Arco, BP, Chevron, Conoco, Exxon Mobil, Marathon, Shell, Sinclair, Speedway, Sunoco, Super America, Texaco)

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

Questions? Email us at: freegas@vci.valorcard.com

Valor Gas Card Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

Valor Gas Card Program

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 Gas from the station of your choice (Arco, BP, Chevron, Conoco, Exxon Mobil, Marathon, Shell, Sinclair, Speedway, Sunoco, Super America, Texaco)

Valor Gas Certificates are worth of $ 500 gasoline!

Questions? Email us at: freegas@vci.valorcard.com

Questions? Email us at:
freegas@vci.valorcard.com

Questions? Email us at:
freegas@vci.valorcard.com